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The global warming is decreasing the life quality of population caused mainly by burning of fossil fuels (oil, diesel, gasoline) that emit millions of tons of pollutants to the environment. Besides, the certainty that those fossil fuels are non-renewable resources allows more researches in cleaner energy, and particularly in vehicles. This way, fuel cell has received particular attention because it can be applied in urban transport and improves the actual environmental situation of the world. The fuel cells appear like a promising technology for energy generation. Although there are a lot of prototypes and researches in the world, its commercialization is impracticable, although it can be changed over the technological evolution and an additional production, in a near future. Among several technologies in the present, the PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) is the most appropriated and take part of prototypes of vehicles in progress, because it combines durability, high efficiency, good response at room temperatures and it works at relatively low temperatures. The purpose of this dissertation was performes an economic analysis, comparing buses moved by fuel cells and buses moved by internal combustion engine. Furthermore was developed an ecological efficiency of hydrogen produced by natural gas, ethanol, electrolyse by wind turbine and hydrogen by hydroelectric power plant.

Análise econômica do uso de célula a combustível para acionamento de ônibus urbano