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This study investigated the characteristics of verbal interactions of various small groups based on previous achievement in paired think-aloud problem solving. Two classes of a high school were assigned to the homogeneous and heterogeneous groups, and taught on chemistry. Students from homogeneous groups (highhigh, midid) and heterogeneous groups (highmid, highlow) were selected, and their algorithmic problem solving on chemical equation and stoichiometry were audio/video taped. In highhigh group, solver's 'require agreement' and listener 'agree' were frequently exhibited. On the other hands, listener's 'point out' and solver's 'modify' were frequently exhibited in midmid group, which was also observed in the heterogeneous groups (highmid, highlow). Many verbal interactions were analyzed to be in symmetrical type. In this type, 'require agreement-agree' of highhigh group was the most frequent. 'problem solving-agree' of highhigh group was the most frequent in the solver-dominant type, while 'point out-modify' of highlow group in the listener-dominant type. The verbal behaviors related to the solving stage were frequently observed, but there were few related to the reviewing stage.

Verbal Interaction in Paired Think-Aloud Problem Solving; Comparison of the Characteristics of Small Groups Based on Achievement