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from ion-pairing treatments. The kEtO– and kEtO–M+ values decrease in the order kEtO–Na+ > kEtO–K+ > kEtO–Li+ > kEtO– , indicating that ion-paired EtO – M + species are more reactive than the dissociated EtO – ion, and Na + ion exhibits the largest catalytic effect. The M + ions in this study form stronger complex with the transition state than with the ground state. Coordination of the M + ions with the O and N atoms in the leaving group of 5 has been suggested to be responsible for the catalytic effect shown by the alkali metal ions in this study.

bulletin of the korean chemical society

Alkali Metal Ion Catalysis in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of 5-Nitro-8-quinolyl Benzoate with Alkali Metal Ethoxides in Anhydrous Ethanol: Unusually High Na<sub>+</sub>Ion Selectivity

Alkali Metal Ion Catalysis in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of 5-Nitro-8-quinolyl Benzoate with Alkali Metal Ethoxides in Anhydrous Ethanol: Unusually High Na+Ion Selectivity

Alkali Metal Ion Catalysis in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of 5-Nitro-8-quinolyl Benzoate with Alkali Metal Ethoxides in Anhydrous Ethanol: Unusually High Na₊Ion Selectivity