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Chiral separation has been extensively used not only to produce pure enantiomers but also to analyze mixtures of enantiomers. Many different types of chiral stationary phases have been developed such as brush or ligand-exchange type phases, cyclodextrin phases, protein phases, polysaccharide phases, etc. Optically active polymers compose a great portion of the chiral phases and have been thoroughly investigated in a recent review. Among them, polysaccharide chiral phases have been known to be very useful for their versatility in chiral separation. Derivatives of polysaccharides adsorbed on porous silica particles are now very popular chiral stationary phases and are commercially available, but they are not compatible with some common LC solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and chloroform for their solubility in the solvents. Such a problem can be solved by securing chemical bonding between the silica surface and the polysaccharide ligand. Such phases (Diacel) have been commercially available only very recently. Introduction of double bonds to both the silica surface and the polysaccharide ligand followed by cross polymerization between the silica and the ligand has been the method of securing chemical bonding. The surface silanol groups of silica are used in the reaction of introducing double bonds, and two different reagents have been used to incorporate double bonds: 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate and allyltriethoxysilane. Improvements in double bond introduction to the silica surface and consequent cross polymerization seem to be important for commercial polysaccharide chiral phases with chemically bonded polysaccharide ligands. In this study, we have found that an improvement of the process can be achieved by simply employing allyltrimethoxysilane instead of allyltriethoxysilane(traditional reagent) as the reagent of double bond introduction.

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Allyltrimethoxysilane as the Reagent of Double Bond Introduction to Porous Silica for Preparation of a Chiral Stationary Phase in Comparison with Allyltriethoxysilane