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Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide, and, despite many advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for esophageal cancer is still poor, with a reported 5-year survival rate ranging from 15% to 20%.1 Over 90% of patients with esophageal cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage.2 And more than 50% of the patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or the gastric cardia have inoperable disease at presentation and most of them require palliative treatment to relieve progressive dysphagia.3 Various palliative treatments have been attempted for this purpose including rigid plastic intubation, self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) placement, brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, or esophageal bypass surgery. Among these treatments, endoscopic placement of SEMS has become the first-line palliative option for dysphagia and, at present, is commonly used for the palliation of malignant dysphagia.3

Investigation of Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes after Stent Placement in Malignant Obstruction of the Esophagus or the Gastric Cardia