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Diabetes is the most common endocrinal disorder seen in clinical practice. India has already become the “diabetes capital” of the world with over three crore affected patients. Between 1995 and 2025, there is a prediction of a 35% increase in the worldwide prevalence of diabetes. The rising number of people with diabetes will be mainly in populations of developing countries, leading to more than 300 million people with diabetes globally by 2025. The disease has tremendous impact on the quality-oflife. Morbidity and mortality occur due to complications that affect the small vessels resulting in retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy and large vessels resulting in ischemic heart disease and stroke.1 In diabetes mellitus, lipid abnormalities are almost the rule. Typical findings are elevation of TC and VLDL-C, TG concentration, exaggerated postprandial lipemia, lowering of HDL-C and a predominance of small dense LDL particles.2 Triglyceridemia has been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease both in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects.3,4 Remnants of TG-rich lipoproteins seem to be extremely atherogenic.5 The LDL-C is related to lifestyle factors, such as diet and exercise.6 It has been associated with metabolic syndrome.7 The proatherogenic properties of small dense LDL particles may relate to their ability to penetrate the arterial wall, thereby, making them more susceptible to oxidation, and thus, indirectly linked with CAD.8,9 The CAD represents a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden death due to silent myocardial ischemia. Silent myocardial ischemia has a reported prevalence of 10 to 20% in diabetic population as compared with 1 to 4% in nondiabetic population.10 Magnesium is an important intracellular cation, i.e., distributed in three major compartments: Mineral phase of bones (65%), intracellular space (34%), and extracellular fluid (1%). About one-third of extracellular magnesium is bound to plasma proteins; the rest is free and presumably biologically available. In several studies, reduced magnesium concentration has been observed in diabetes mellitus. Despite good nutritional status of diabetics, low magnesium level probably results from glycosuria-related hypermagnesemia, nutritional factors, 1,2Assistant Professor, 3Tutor 1-3Department of Biochemistry, M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India

Evaluation of Serum Magnesium Level along with Lipid Profile in a Gujarati Population diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus