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Ab s t r Ac t Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare the pulpal response to direct pulp capping with the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and biodentine by light microscopic histological evaluation. Materials and methods: A total of 45 premolars scheduled for orthodontic extraction were selected and subjected to the direct pulp capping procedure. Class I cavities were prepared and MTA or biodentine was placed over the exposed pulp, followed by a composite restoration. After the experimental periods of 7, 30, and 90 days, the teeth were extracted and histological processing was carried out. The test materials were evaluated histologically for the degree of inflammation, dentin bridge formation, and thickness of dentin bridge at all the three different observation periods, tabulated and statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: At 7 days’ observation, all the samples in groups I and II showed a mild inflammatory response. At 1 month, a thin or partial dentin bridge was evident in all the samples in both groups. At 3 months, all the samples in both groups showed evidence of complete dentin bridge formation. There was no statistically significant difference between the MTA and biodentine groups. Conclusion: Biodentine was as effective as MTA in inducing a pulpal reaction with minimal inflammation and in dentin bridge formation.

Histological Evaluation of Pulpal Response to Direct Pulp Capping with Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: An In Vivo Study