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Postoperative ileus is an important cause of morbidity after abdominal surgery. The presence of a generalized sympathetic hyperactivity that inhibits intestinal motility is a causal factor in the delay of the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The cephalic phase of digestion begins with the chewing, which activates the vagus (parasympathetic) nerve stimulating the electrical activity of the gastrointestinal muscle and hormone control. For this reason, the present work aims to know if chewing gum stimulates parasympathetic activity and if it manages to restore the intestinal transit as early as possible. Methods: Experimental, prospective, longitudinal study, randomized and random. We selected 2 groups according to the order of entry into service of Surgery—Viedma Clinical Hospital (hospital 3rd level), attended by penetrating injury of abdomen with injury to the digestive tract, a control group and another study that was administered gum 6 postoperative hours. Results: The results showed that patients who received chewing gum recovered more quickly the intestinal motility with expulsion of gases before 12 hours in 76% of cases, compared with the control group which eliminated beyond 24 hours; in addition the patients in the study group experienced bowel movements and defecation for the first time within the first 48 hours in a 65% two days before the control group. Patients of the study group were given food by oral route the day after his surgery in 76% of the cases in relation to the control group that received food three to four days later. Conclusion: We conclude that gum should be included as a complementary measure in the postoperative patients, since it favors the early restoration of intestinal transit, at the same time that constitutes an economic and physiological form to stimulate the intestinal motility.

Eficacia de la Goma de Mascar en el Restablecimiento del Tránsito Intestinal por íleo Paralitico Postoperatorio: Un Estudio Prospectivo y Aleatorio