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Background/Aim: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is anautoimmune disease of the liver for which a curative therapy isstill lacking. The aim of this preclinical study was to assess ifdown regulation of host immunity by regulatory dendritic cells(DC) bears therapeutic implications in a murine model of PBC.Methods: An animal model of PBC was established by injecting5 mg/kg polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) twice a weekin female C57BL/6 mice. Regulatory DC were produced byculturing bone marrow DC with interleukin-10 and lipopolysaccharideswithout or with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex(PDC, 1 g/ml). Regulatory DC and PDC-pulsed regulatory DCwere injected intraperitoneally trice (8, 12 and 20 weeks afterstarting of poly I:C administration) to PBC model mice.Antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) was checked in the sera andliver histology was assessed to evaluate the effect of regulatoryDC on inflammatory hepatic mucosal milieu.Results: AMA in the sera and progressive infiltration ofmononuclear cells were detected in all C57BL/6 due toadministration of poly I:C. Injection of regulatory DC or PDCpulsedregulatory DC for 3 times caused significant reductionof infiltrating mononuclear cells in 4 of 5 PBC model mice.However, the effect of regulatory DC on AMA negativity wasnot documented in murine model of PBC.Conclusion: This pilot study inspires optimisms that regulatoryDC may be an immune therapeutic approach for treating PBC,however, further study about nature of antigens, dose ofantigens, duration of therapy and protocol of administration ofregulatory DC need further analyses.Abbreviations: PBC: Primary biliary cirrhosis; PDC: Pyruvatedehydrogenase complex; DC: Dendritic cells; Poly I:C:polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid; AMA: Antimitochondrial antibody;UDCA: Ursodeoxycholic acid; PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline;GM-CSF: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor;ANA: Antinuclear antibody; BM: Bone marrow; LPS:lipopolysaccharides; IL: Interleukin.

Suppression of Inflammatory Mucosal Milieu by Administration of Regulatory Dendritic Cells in an Animal Model of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis