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Ab s t r Ac t Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of watermelon frost (WF) on the expression of substance P (SP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in reversible pulpitis. Materials and methods: A total of 32 teeth of Macaca fascicularis (M. fascicularis), which were given mechanical injury until the pulp was exposed, were included in the study. Group I (without WF): 16 teeth were included in group I in which the pulp tissues were extracted and stored at −80°C until tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Group II (with WF): 16 teeth were included in which WF was applied and teeth extraction was performed after 3 days and pulp tissues were obtained by breaking the tooth. Pulp tissues were stored at −80°C until tested by ELISA. Independent sample t test was used to analyze the difference between the study groups. Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) values of SP were 159.085 ± 7.104 in group I and 44.852 ± 3.708 in group II. The mean and SD values of ALP were 38.076 ± 2.991 in group I and 144.805 ± 10.959 in group II. A significant difference in the SP and ALP concentrations was observed in group I as compared to group II (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results concluded that WF has an effect on the increasing expression of ALP and decreasing SP expression in reversible pulpitis. Clinical significance: Watermelon frost is effective for the treatment of reversible pulpitis.

Expression of SP and ALP Following the Application of Watermelon Frost in Reversible Pulpitis: An In Vivo Study