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Aim: Periodontitis is an inflammatory, destructive condition of supporting tissues of the teeth. Nonsurgical treatment approach is relatively a long process that requires full compliance of the patient to ensure success of this treatment. This study aimed to evaluate compliance of patients with periodontitis referred to the Department of Periodontics, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. Materials and methods: Data were collected from records of 1,161 patients attending periodontology clinics at teaching dental hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Patients with periodontitis were only included in the study. Set of factors potentially interfering with compliance were recorded, in addition to periodontal parameters including plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Results: Data showed significant difference in the number of referred patients according to different criteria selected in this study, such as gender, smoking, previous periodontal treatment, and history of systemic disease. The proportion of compliant patients was 30%, which is significantly lower than that of noncompliant patients (70%). In addition, results did not show any association between the degree of compliance and different factors that potentially affect compliance in the current study. Conclusion: Degree of compliance was poor, which indicates general lack of public knowledge about the importance of periodontal therapy in controlling periodontal disease. Clinical significance: This study highlighted the importance of increasing public knowledge about the significance of complying with periodontal treatment. This can be achieved through governmental motivational programs in Baghdad city, which will significantly improve periodontal health and reduce the overall dental cost that results from unsuccessful periodontal therapy.

Compliance of Referred Patients with Periodontitis to Active Periodontal Therapy: A Retrospective Study