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Objective: Advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs) in type II diabetic patients are usually precipitated on the periodontallyaffected root surfaces. The presence of periodontopathic microbes, at the same time, may also add a negative impact on the prognosis of the regenerative periodontal surgery. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical con ditioning on surface characteristics of periodontally-affected roots of diabetic patients. Methods: Three groups (n = 25) of freshly-extracted teeth were collected from the outpatient clinics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University. In group 1, teeth were collected from healthy individuals for orthodontic purpose. Teeth of group 2 were collec ted from healthy patients with chronic perio dontitis, while those of group 3 were collected from diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. Roots of the collected teeth were exa mined using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after mechanical surface planning and chemical treatment using normal saline, EDTA gel, Tetracycline HCL (TC) or citric acid (CA) each for 4 minutes (n = 5 from each group). Results: Interpretation of SEM images revealed undesirable etching effect of the chemicals used on the surfaces of healthy roots. Although EDTA showed an effective cleanse of the smear debris, it seemed to have no power on surface cuticles existed on roots of diabetic individuals. Tetracycline HCl provided acceptable conditioning of periodontally-affected root surfaces. Citric acid showed a powerful removal of both smear debris and cuticle layers off the periodontally-affected roots of diabetic individuals. Conclusion: Topical application of EDTA, TC or CA shows sensible effect on the periodontally affected root surfaces. However, each of these chemicals exhibits different conditioning power. Citric acid is a promising agent to biomodify the periodontally-affected root surfaces of diabetic patients. Original research 1Associate Professor, 2,3Assistant Professor 1Dental Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Periodontology and Preventive Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 3Scanning Electron Microscope Unit, Department of Medical Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha Saudi Arabia Corresponding Author: Khalid M Abdelaziz, Associate Professor Dental Materials, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Po Box 3263, Abha61741, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +96672418044, Fax: +96672418066 e-mail: bedie001@yahoo.com, kmbder@kku.edu.sa 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1264

Effect of Bioconditioning on Surface Characteristics of Periodontally-affected Roots of Diabetic Patients