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Throughout history, shaping the movement has been a concern for human beings. Samples of that fact have been found prior to the first films, such as cave paintings or optical toys, both included within the terms “pre-cinema” or “proto-cinema”. Similarly, if we refer to animation, we use the category of proto animation. Stop motion is an animated technique in which we substitute objects and characters to generate the illusion of movement in the middle of the action of stopping and restarting our camera repeatedly. The first appearances of this type of animation take place in real action cinema and are known as substitution tricks. They are reviewed, analyzed and classified in this research work, considering the technique and proposing the category of proto-stop motion as a container of the antecedents of contemporary stop motion animation.

Proto stop-motion: Análisis de las primeras apariciones del stop motion en el cine de acción real.