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To confirm that the genes of the Japanese are more homozygous in terms of MHC than those of people in other countries, we evaluated the data concerning HLA antigens from the 11th HLA Conference and those from our own study. This study consisted of 4,166 Japanese and 7,717 non-Japanese who were examined for HLA antigens. The incidence of heterozygotes at all HLA class I and II loci in Japanese and in non-Japanese was 103% and 24.0%, respectively, whereas that of homozygotes was 40.5% and 27.5%, respectively. Our results led to the conclusion that Japanese individuals are more homozygous than foreigners, resulting in different incidences of both benign and malignant diseases, different responses to both medical and surgical therapy, and different immune responses to viral and bacterial infection. For that reason, social prevention and individualized therapy is important in Japanese medical care. Introduction Human leukocyte antigens (HLA), glycoproteins present on the surface membranes of nearly every cell in the body, are located on chromosome number six. They are found in high concentrations on the surfaces of white blood cells (i. e., leukocytes) and are the major histocompatibility antigens for tissue recognition. HLA antigens are very polymorphic. Their main function is to help the immune system defend against invaders such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, and also cancers. The phenomenon of MHC restriction was first recognized by Doherty and Zinkernagel, who hypothesized that the great diversity of HLA class I and class II genes is maintained throughout infectious diseases (Doherty and Zinkernagel, 1975a; Correspondence to: Kyoji Ogoshi, MD, Ph. D. Professor, Department of Surgery, Tokai University, Bohseidai, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193 Japan

INCIDENCE OF HETEROZYGOTES AND HOMOZYGOTES OF MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX IN JAPANESE COMPARED TO NON-JAPANESE