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Selection of others for comparison influences the outcome of self-assessment. The present study attempted to examine the effect of expectation for self-enhancement on strategic selection of comparisons. A questionnaire study was conducted with 169 undergraduates, who responded to four sets of questions. First, they listed ten abilities each for three areas that desired to acquire in high-level, in average-level, and undesired to acquire. Then, they evaluated themselves in comparison with others on the thirty abilities, and indicated whom they chose as comparisons. Finally, perceived probabilities were assessed of acquiring each ability. Results showed that selection of superior others was more when evaluated abilities were desired to acquire in high-level and perceived probability high than otherwise. This suggested that comparison with superior others was made if expectation for self-enhancement was high. The expectation therefore affects the likelihood of self-assessment behavior, and self-assessment is a necessary component of future self-enhancement.

The effect of self-enhancement expectation on selection of comparisons as a self-assessment strategy.