The Role of Enzymes in Leaf to the Toxicity of Rice, Cultivated on Acid Sulfate Soil, Mekong Delta

1. Abstract Assessing the resistance, determining the nature of the resistance of the rice plant through the activity of three enzymes in rice: Catalase, Peroxydase and Phosphatase in the leaves of rice plants (the most active leaves of rice) rice plants). In addition, consider the role of phosphatase in the fluctuations and the ability to accumulate P2O5 in soil and plants to see its role in rice's poison resistance in acid sulphate soil. In other hand, results shows that high concentrations of toxins in the soil environment strongly inhibited the activity of phosphatase enzymes in the roots, in the indicator leaves, and especially for rice, especially for plants that are less resistant to poisoning. But, Phosphatase enzyme in leaves has the effect on the providing energy for the plants to recover from poisoning. The activity of this enzyme is inversely correlated with the content of Al3+ in soil and Al3+ in plants. This proves that the antagonism between enzymes and toxins is evident, especially with Al3+ toxins. In other side, has highly toxic in the acid sulphate soil environment inhibits enzyme activity Peroxydase in rice roots. Under these conditions, peroxydase in the root plays a small role in helping the plant recover. We have sufficient basis to confirm that the enzyme peroxydase in leaves plays an important role, against the harmful effects of toxins. When the toxin in the soil, in plants increased activity of this enzyme also increased higher than the control variant. Especially, when the toxicity increases, the peroxydase enzyme in the rice leaves will also increase to resistant to toxicity (+280% compared to the control); while the toxicty-non-resistant variety plants did not increase (compared to the control). When the toxicity decreased, peroxydase activity in toxic-resistant plants was also higher than toxic non-resistant: This increased at +643% for toxic-resistant rice compared to the control. While, in the weekly-resistant toxic-variety only increased +314% compared to the control). 2. Introduce Research of Le Huy Ba et. al, carry-out by [1-3] a series of experiments including: Step 1, Group testing of rice varieties including 15 varieties; In step 2, experiment comparing varieties to select alum tolerant varieties. Step 3, After identifying alum-tolerant varieties: Ca Dung variety (local) strong resistance to toxicity. Oppositely, IR38 variety is weakly to toxicity resistant. On other hand, they have found that, the toxic ions in acid sulphate soil environment (ex: Al3, Fe2+ Fe3+and SO4 2-) there are coplicatly dynamics[1-,4]. At this point, the new question that needs to be answered is the effect of toxins on the enzymes in plants. and vice versa, the role of the enzyme has no role to resist poison (how effect on this activity of enzimes in rice leaves). That means, what role of this enzyme to help rice plant to resistant influence of the toxicity. So that, we carry out some experiences (in vitro, in green house, and in the