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In Vŗhatryee, Sūsrūta has the doctrine of surgical management along with related descriptions of anatomy, physiology. Though Charaka and Vāgbhata have similar description but are not up to the content like Sūsrūta. Sūsrūta was the first who described surgical operations and had broad view on sterilization pre and post-operative management along with intensive care which are unique and has prime importance. In modern system of medicine intensive care plays a vital role for patient’s life and sustenance. It was interesting to evaluate that Sūsrūta system of intensive care has been described considering all aspects where he has given importance to the major specialties required. In the line of shlokas all the meanings are buried and are yet to be understood in the line of description. It is also very important to know that the present system of surgery though so advanced but also existed before 1000 B.C and which is clearly evident from the description found. Sūsrūta had felt the necessity of multispecialty physician cum surgeon’s advice during critical care as per the prevailing system. During Sūsrūta time different names (probably nominated specialists of different wings) were given due importance to the critical management of the patients are usually seen nowadays in modern system of medicine. In the present paper efforts have been taken to decipher the every term used by Sūsrūta in parlance to modern system concerned to ancient system of critical care. INTERNATIONAL AYURVEDIC MEDICAL JOURNAL Rinky Thakur et al: Sūsrūtasystem Of Intensivecare – A Prospective Overview doi: 10.46607/iamj.2408082020 | IAMJ August 2020 | www.iamj.in 4186 INTRODUCTION The great scientist Aldus Manutius has told “Never to allow scholars to want for good books of literature and sciences.” He was the house where scholars and physicians crowded for help, co-operation and guidance. His name is remembered by future generations by rescuing the priceless works on arts and science of ancient Greeks. He can well serve as guidance and an example for advancement of our knowledge, culture and learning. It is in view that our oldest and authoritative classics of medicine-Charaka, Sūsrūta need hundreds of editions together with their translation, commentaries etc. which we do not have, moreover each commentary may throw some light on many significant and potent descriptions which need more extensive and lucid interpretations to be clearly understood for coming generations. Sūsrūta Saṁhitā is a treatise of universal importance. It is one of Vedas of science of medicine in India and so various commentators from various countries have done work on it according to each one’s predilection. There are translations of Sūsrūta in various languages both of east and west. Yet it is not only desirable but essential to have as many translations and commentaries as possible for the enlightenment and elucidation of classical work on surgery like Sūsrūta Saṁhitā. Thousands of years back the names of Sūsrūta and Charaka found within the text of 4centuary.The first Charaka and Sūsrūta Saṁhitā were translated into Arabian and Persian language during 7 century in the name Saraka & Sasarada. Almansur (753-754 BC) had translated Sūsrūta Saṁhitā where he had made Susruta more potential and important due to clear classification of all the branches of Ayurveda. Interestingly Charaka has left the part of surgical intervention by admiring the expertise as“Atradhanvantaryānāṃkriyavidhauparādhikaretunahvistaroktih”Charaka As a matter we find the description of Medicine equally with that of Charaka and with surgical section. So far identity of Sūsrūta is concerned; he is believed to be son of vishvāmitra from the available texts written by him and in subsequent commentaries etc. The time of Sūsrūta dates back to 1000 B.C. Different time spells have been embarked by different western researchers like 12centuary by Hass, 9 to 10 cent.by Jones Wilson, 4 B.C.by Maedonel. Interestingly Hobert has not accepted Sūsrūta as specific other than Sacretes. From the writing “Apāyahridaya’’ of Arya Nāgārjuna it is believed that Sūsrūta placed in 2000 BC. “Suvaidhyakobhesajhkushalomaitrachitteshikshakasūsrūta’’ However, Hasler who has translated Sūsrūta into latin has placed him 1000BC which is being supported by Girindranathmukhopadhyaya the philosopher. Looking into the context we may accept the view of historians as approximate 3000 years from today. Similarly, the text Vṛdha Sūsrūta in comparison to Sūsrūta Saṁhitā is also of matter relating to uttarsthāna causing deep study for non-identical description in both the text. However, it is very sensational issue and needs to be debated with research findings. “Kwasuryaprabhavovanshakwachaalpavishayamati Titirshudushtarammohadudupenasminsagaram ’’ Kalidas Material and Methods So far Sūsrūta Saṁhitā is concerned it is having 120 chapters in which each sthana has its own specifications and uniqueness: Sutra sthāna-46 , Nidāna sthāna-16, Shārirasthāna-10, Chikitsāsthāna-40, Kalpasthāna-8, Uttartrantra-66, Acharya Susruta has described 300 types of surgical procedures, division of human surgery eight categories, 60 types of upkramas(therapeutic methods )for treatment of wound, antiseptic ,induced anesthesia using wine and cannabis indica and also mentioned 120 types of yantras and shastras (surgical instruments). He has introduced nasasandhan (rhinoplasty), oshthasandhan (lobuloplasty), karnasandhan (otoplasty). In this era also rhinoplasty-Indian forehead flap described by Susruta in 600 BC is very fascinating and is referred to as Indian flap and known as father of Surgery and Plastic surgery. The present topic deals with the intensive care management procedures and planning of Sūsrūta through holistic approach which can be looked into in parallel to the present techniques of Rinky Thakur et al: Sūsrūtasystem Of Intensivecare – A Prospective Overview doi: 10.46607/iamj.2408082020 | IAMJ August 2020 | www.iamj.in 4187 modern research. It is believed that the concept generated by Sūsrūta was no way orthodox other than holistic approach probably due to the available resources, but component expanded by his method is a matter of great concern what is prevailing now-a-days. The author has depicted the clear knowledge of related subjects required for the surgeon and probably the experts of other related disciplines are praised. “Nahiekasminshastreshakyahsarvashastranamavarodhakartum’’Again it has been emphasized that “Ekashastriadhoyanonavidyatshastranishchyam| Tasmatbahushrutamshastramvijaniyatchikitsaka” Su.su 4/7 It includes primarily physics for Padarth vigyan, Chemistry for Rasa –Rasayana, Botany for Vanaspati, and Anatomy for Sharira shastra. Sushruta has emphasized for a must to read as“Etadavashayaadhyeyamadhityachakarmaniavashyaupasitavyamubhyogyon| hi bhishakrajarhobhavati’’Su.su.3/47 Similarly, a physician should be trained from both medicine (Kayachikitsa) and surgery (Shalya-tantra) to manage a patient of need as:“Snehadishuanabhigyonjechedyadishu cha karmasu Tenihantijananlobhatkuvaidyonrupadhoshatah’’Su.su 3/52 Basically, Sūsrūta Saṁhitā is text of surgery and that is why he has emphasized primarily on the text. “Asminshastrashastrakarmapradhanyatshastrakarmevatavat Purvaupadekshama tat sambaharascha”Su.su.5/4 Sūsrūtais regarded as “SharireSūsrūtaSrestham” which denotes the expertise in anatomy, physiology and surgery as“Sharirechaivashastre cha drishtarthavishardha Drusthashrutabhyamsandehamuhapohayahcharetkriyah”

SŪSRŪTA SYSTEM OF INTENSIVECARE –A PROSPECTIVE OVERVIEW