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Biogeochemistry of iron in wetlands is inextricably linked with chemical ecology of aquatic biota impacting the ecology of wetland plants and human health. Therefore, its bio-accumulation in plants is of extreme eco-technological relevance in quest of potential phytoremediation tools. To this end, the Fe concentrations in water and four invasive alien macrophytes (Eichhornia crassipes, Lemna minor, Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia cucullata) of Loktak lake (a Ramsar Site) were measured. Further, the outcome of the present research can assess the efficiency of these plants in Fe-phytoremediation. Concomitantly, to get an explicit Fe-macrophyte’s chemical ecology scenario of Loktak lake, physicochemical parameters as well as biodiversity attributes were also investigated. Results revealed that among the four plant species, Pistia stratiotes accumulated the highest amount of Fe concentration and thus act as the best bio-accumulator of Fe. Further, the extent of Fe bio-accumulation was as Pistia stratiotes>Lemna minor>Eichhornia crassipes>Salvinia cucullata. The study revealed the importance of the selected invasive wetland plants as the potential bio-agents of Fe accumulation. INTRODUCTION Global wetland systems offer immense ecosystem services to humanity with their unique ecological/environmental features and biodiversity of floating and/or submerged macrophytes (Prasad et al. 2002, Bassi et al. 2014, Rai et al. 2018). However, recent decades witnessed a paradigm shift in wetland’s health in view of the abrupt increase in environmental contaminants. In this respect, it has been well known that natural wetlands demonstrate a majestic chemical ecology in remediating the metallic contaminants. Thus, elucidating the complex chemical and ecological interactions existing in the wetland systems can pave the way for phytoremediation, hence ecological restoration (Valderrama et al. 2013, Evangelou et al. 2013, Singh & Rai 2016, Al-Baldawi et al. 2017, Rai & Kim 2019, Rai et al. 2020). Several macrophytes of Indian Ramsar wetlands, e.g. Phragmites australis (of Hokersar wetlands in Kashmir Himalaya) have been identified for their phytoremediation potential of heavy metals (Chatterjee et al. 2011, Ahmad et al. 2014, Khatun 2016). Moreover, in this context elucidation of mechanisms leading to integrated restoration/eco-management of Kolleru lake (a Ramsar wetland in Andhra Pradesh, India) abridged the chemistry with ecological restoration (Sharma & Sujatha 2016). Thus, the heavy metal pollution of global wetland systems and their phytoremediation attained considerable research attention (Feng et al. 2017, Rai 2018; Rai 2019, Rai et al. 2019). The excess use of agrochemicals (including fertilizer and plant nutrients) contaminate soil, water and food crops/vegetables with heavy metals (Rai 2008, Alhashemi et al. 2011, Fatima et al. 2014, Rai et al. 2020). Also, the bioavailability of heavy metals is remarkably influenced by the geochemical factors in global wetlands (Fairbrother 2007). Moreover, the sediments of the wetland effectively sequester hydrophobic chemical pollutants which are readily available from various pollutant discharges (Rai et al. 2018). Natural wetlands are the important sink for environmental pollutants in view of their complex physico-chemical and biogeochemical mechanisms operating inside wetlands (Jiao et al. 2014, Xin et al. 2014, Zhang et al. 2016). It has been well known that aquatic/wetland plants absorb emerging contaminants and nutrients from the water/sediments of natural wetlands in view of being interfaces with them (Xue et al. 2010, Rai et al. 2019). For a low level of environmental contamination, the aquatic plants (mostly invasive aliens) also act as ecological indicators (Pratas et al. 2012, Borisova et al. 2014, Rai & Singh 2020). Therefore, in environmental biotechnology, the screening of macrophytes for phytoremediation of metallic contaminants has also received tremendous attention (Sood et al. 2012, Borisova et al. 2014, Rai et al. 2019). Phyto-technological investigations in global biodiversity hotspots especially from North East Indian sites are rarely investigated for pollution ecology of Ramsar wetland plants. 2020 pp. 1607-1615 Vol. 19 p-ISSN: 0972-6268 (Print copies up to 2016) No. 4 Nature Environment and Pollution Technology An International Quarterly Scientific Journal Original Research Paper e-ISSN: 2395-3454 Open Access Journal Nat. Env. & Poll. Tech. Website: www.neptjournal.com Received: 04-02-2020 Revised: 17-02-2020 Accepted: 05-03-2020

Wetland Plants’ Chemical Ecology for Iron of A Ramsar Site in An Indo-Burma Hotspot: In-Situ Bioaccumulation and Phytoremediation Implications