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The essentiality of boron (B) for growth and development of higher plants is generally recognized, but the precise roles it contributes remained obscure prior to the mid-1950's (30). The research of Gauch, Dugger and associates (16,29) then indicated that boron enhances uptake and translocation of sugars. They proposed a micronutrient union with sugars giving an ionizable sugar-borate complex which more readily moves through cellular membranes than sugar alone (29). Subsequent studies by Dugger, Humphreys, and Calhoun (13,14) implied a direct involvement of boron in the enzymic reactions of sucrose and starch biosynthesis. In 1967, Lee and Aronoff (25) suggested that borate combines with 6-phosphogluconic acid to form an enzyme-inhibitor complex which regulates phenol synthesis, thereby preventing the typical necrosis and ultimate death of ¿-deficient plants. Van den Honert (31) and Martin (26) pioneered boron-nutrition studies in sugarcane during the early 1930's. Maximum growth and quality was not attained in the absence of boron. Detailed boron-deficiency symptoms were described by Martin (26) in 1934 and by Evans in 1956 (15). In 1963, Samuels and Cibes-Viadé (28) reported a general decline of growth and quality in boron free plants propagated in the greenhouse. Sugarcane studies by Bowen in Hawaii have stressed the physiological and biochemical effects of variable boron supply (10,12), and borate ionic species absorption (11). Work by Humbert et al. (23) in Peru has shown that excessive boron is restrictive against sugar and tonnage yields. In Puerto Rico, Acín-Díaz and Alexander (1) observed borate effects on the rate of sucrose diffusion from storage tissues bathed in distilled water. Greenhouse and laboratory studies of boron activity in immature sugarcane were completed recently at this Station. Evidence is presented herein of discrete growth, enzyme, and sugar-transport roles in plants having controlled water and nutrient supplies.

Studies on the Roles of Boron in Growth and Sugar-Transport Processes of Sugarcane