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A new model for estimating the wind turbulence intensity under different atmospheric stability classes has been proposed in this study. The data used were recorded at 10 m above the ground on a time scale of 10 min at the Cotonou Port site. From the Cheung model combined with the expression of the average wind shear profile proposed by Panofsky, we modified the first term of the model in multiplying it by the wind speed. The adjustment parameters of this new model thus obtained are determined by numerical simulation based on the Nelder-Mead algorithm. Results indicate that at our study site, the turbulence intensity decreases from the lowest wind speeds (0-1 m.s-1) to reach a threshold value between 7 and 12 m.s-1 depending on the time of year. It then increases to reach values of the order of 0.65. The model proposed in this study performs well whatever the time of the year. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) vary from (0.018; 0.015) in December to (0.13; 0.108) in March. Finally, the comparative study between the new model and the Normal Turbulence Model (NTM) of the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) standard revealed that only the model proposed is suitable for the site of Cotonou with the lowest estimation errors (0.03; 0.05). This model can therefore be used for the design of new wind turbines along the Benin coast in Cotonou.

Estimation of the wind turbulence intensity under different classes of atmospheric stability on the Benin coast in Cotonou by a new model