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The influence of soil pH on solubility and leachability of heavy metals (Fe, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, and Ba) from spent engine oil pollution was investigated to estimate the level of toxicity on soil ecosystem. The result from flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) analysis revealed that at increasing acidity arising from increasing concentrations of spent engine oil there was increase in the solubility and leachability of heavy metals. The significant increase (p<0.05) in total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) from 2.60 ± 0.00 to 5.10 ± 0.00 across days-zero to -28 at 1.0 – 3.5% contamination increased the acidity from pH 5.4 ± 0.00 to 3.1 ± 0.00. At this pH range of 5.4 – 3.1 across 2.0 – 3.5% pollution after 28 days exposure, the ppm of metal concentrations left are: Fe reduced from 6.02 ± 0.01 to 4.91 ± 0.00, Mn, 14.2 ± 0.00 to 10.6 ± 0.05, Zn, 9.8 ± 0.03 to 7.6 ± 0.11, Cr, 1.01 ± 0.00 to 1.00 ± 0.00, Ni, 0.01 ± 0.00 to 0.00 ± 0.00. Cadmiun (Cd), Lead (Pb) and Barium (Ba) which were not found in the soil were introduced from spent engine oil and are reduced as follows: Cd, 0.70 ± 0.00 to 0.4 ± 0.01, Pb, 0.61 ± 0.00 to 0.55 ± 0.00 and Ba 9.40 ± 0.00 to 8.2 ± 0.00. Leachate test analysis (TCLP) at 2.0% pollution, pH 4.2, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ba leached, while Fe, Mn and Ni did not. Spent engine oil is considered toxic when the leaching test (TCLP) shows that the extracted hazardous metals exceeded the regulatory limit which is in (ppm) for: arsenic (5), barium (100), cadmium (1), chromium (5), lead (5), and silver (5).

INFLUENCE OF SOIL pH ON SOLUBILITY AND LEACHABILITY OF HEAVY METALS FROM SPENT ENGINE OIL POLLUTION