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This study was undertaken during the year 2019 for partial fulfilment of M.Tech thesis under the Dept. of SWCE, CAET, OUAT, Bhubaneswar. In the present study physical based, semidistributed river basin scale Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model interface with Geographical Information System (ArcGIS) tool was used to simulate the runoff, sediment yield and to understand the sensitivity of model input parameters in Salebhata catchment area Mahanadi river basin (4,588.9 km2) Odisha, India. The study was conducted to calibrate, validate and parameter sensitivity analysis was performed using the semiautomated algorithm (SUFI-2) in SWAT-CUP package. The model was calibrated for 10 years of time period starting from 1997 to 2006 which include 3 years of the warm-up period from 1997 to 1999, where the validation was done for 4 year period starting from 2007 to 20010 using field measured flow and sediment yield data. Performance of the SUFI-2 in SWAT-CUP was evaluated using various statistical indices such as Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (ENS), coefficient of determination (R2) and Percentage Bias (PBIAS) showed a good correlation between the measured and model-simulated data. Model sensitivity analysis was carried out by recognizing 11 stream flow and 18 sediment yield parameters. Out of which Base flow alpha factor (ALPHA_BF) and Sediment concentration in runoff (SED_CON)was found to be most influencing parameters for runoff and sediment yield respectively. The observed and model simulated monthly stream flow with R2 of 0.74 and 0.77, NSE of 0.69 and 0.62 with varying PBIAS of 4.4 to 20.3 respectively, during calibration and validation period. While sediment yield computed with R2 of 0.65 and 0.72, NSE of 0.65 and 0.69 with varying PBIAS of (-) 23.0 to (-) 24.50 respectively, during calibration and validation period. Also, an attempt has been made to identify the critical sub-basin based on both runoff and sediment yield rank combination and performed the best management practices priority in order to reduce the runoff and sediment yield. From the performance efficiency of the model to simulate runoff and sediment yield, it can be concluded that the SWAT model really a good tool for simulation of runoff and sediment yield and could be used for the implementation of best management practices on critical sub-basin sale level.

MODELLING OF RUNOFF AND SOIL EROSION USING SWAT MODEL IN SALEBHATA CATCHMENT OF MAHANADI BASIN