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Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy leaf tissues of three ethno-medicinal plants of Assam, namely, Houttuynia cordata, Eryngium foetidum and Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum which are widely used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. Endophytic fungi were isolated from the surface sterilized leaves of the three plants cultivated using three different types of solid agar media. A total of 214 endophytic fungal isolates were isolated from all of the three plants belonging to 12 different genera. Maximum number of endophytic fungal isolates was recovered from E. foetidum (84), followed by Z oxyphyllum and minimum was recovered from H. cordata (56). The most dominant fungal genus was found to be that of Colletotrichum with 107 isolates, followed morphotypes of by Mycelia Sterilia (69) and recovered from all of the three plants studied. Antimicrobial activity assay of the crude secondary metabolites extracted from the endophytic fungal isolates was performed using agar cup diffusion method. It revealed that 10 of the fungal species showed significant activity against all the test pathogens in varying degrees. Among all the isolates, endophytic fungi Colletotrichum coccodes and C. siamense showed maximum significant antimicrobial activity followed by other potent isolates like C. gleosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia sp., Penicillium sp., Scopulariopsis sp. and Cladosporium fulvum . The study thus indicated that the ethno-medicinal plants of Assam are colonized by a diverse range of endophytic fungi with prominent antimicrobial activity. Future investigation in this field would aid in the development of novel pharmaceutical agents.

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM THREE ETHNO-MEDICINAL PLANTS OF ASSAM