English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Corruption consists of an insidious set of practices through which government officials use their offices for private gain. Corruption exists in virtually all countries across the planet and has numerous debilitating economic, political, social, and environmental costs. Manifested in various forms, including bribery, extortion, nepotism, and graft, corruption lowers economic growth, makes public institutions less efficient, hampers foreign investment, undermines trust in the state, and reduces the quality of life for billions of people. Most countries in the world are corrupt, and its presence makes life more inconvenient, less safe, and lowers standards of living. Given its extent and severity, it comes as no surprise that there is a robust literature that examines the history, causes, effects, and implications of corruption. Excellent overviews may be found in Jain (2001, 2012) and Rose-Ackerman (2006). Among the social sciences, economists have offered extensive analyses of corruption’s impacts (see Aidt 2003; Bardhan 2006), including the effects on growth (Mauro 1995; Mo 2001), income inequality (Gupta et al. 2002), and foreign investment (Wei 2000; Habib and Zurawicki 2002). Political scientists have written insightfully about corruption and bribery (Bose 2004), the role of an uncensored media (Brunetti and Weder 2003), and anti-corruption strategies (Klitgaard 1998; Brinkerhoff 2000), often using game theory. Sociologists have studied corruption’s influence on government (Rose-Ackerman and Palifka 2016), networks and actors (Jancsics 2014), and its relations to democracy (Moreno 2002). However, within this body of work, issues of geography and spatiality have been marginalized. Just as there is a history and sociology of corruption, so too is there a geography. Corruption occurs unevenly throughout the globe, and reflects diverse national economic, political, and cultural circumstances. For this reason, this Handbook attempts to address this void. While corruption is most obvious in less developed countries, particularly those with totalitarian governments and centralized systems of power, it also exists in wealthier ones, including the United States (Teachout 2014). The causes and consequences of corruption vary among states, as have strategies to contain it.

Introduction to the Handbook on the Geographies of Corruption