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Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi (J. Jpn. Soc. Nutr. Food Sci.) 45, 325~331 (1992) The effects of dietary fiber on plasma cholesterol, the level of steroid in intestinal contents and feces, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in cecum and feces were studied in 8-week-old male Wistar rats. The rats were fed a cholesterol-free diet containing 5% dietary fiber (cellulose, bacterial cellulose, apple pulp, gum arabic, guar gum, guar gum hydrolysate) with meals provided twice daily for 2 weeks. At 3.5h after the last meal, the animals were sacrificed. Only guar gum significantly decreased the level of plasma cholesterol and increased fecal bile acid and total steroid excretion. However, there was no relationship between the plasma cholesterol concentration and fecal total steroid or bile acid excretion, when data obtained from all rats were combined. Plasma cholesterol concentration was negatively correlated with bile acid content in the upper small intestine. In rats except those in the guar gum hydrolysate group, there was a negative relationship between plasma cholesterol concentration and SCFA content, especially propionate, in the cecum. These results demonstrate that fecal steroid excretion, bile acid secretion and propionate production in the cecum may be involved in the mechanism responsible for the plasma cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber.

Correlation between Plasma Cholesterol and Fecal Steroid or Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid in Rat Ingested Dietary Fiber.