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espanolIntroduccion: El primer molar maxilar permanente es el diente que presenta mayor complejidad y variacion morfologica, que se refleja en la mas alta tasa de fracaso clinico. Las principales causas de su fracaso en el tratamiento endodontico es la imposibilidad de localizar el canal mesiovestibular secundario y el desconocimiento de su morfologia. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar, in vitro, la configuracion del canal MB2 presente en la raiz mesiovestibular del primer molar maxilar, mediante radiografias periapicales. Material y metodos: Se seleccionaron 62 primeros molares maxilares. Se procedio a tomar radiografias iniciales periapicales de cada diente en sentido mesiodistal y vestibulo-palatino. Los molares fueron trepanados y los canales fueron permeabilizados. Para evidenciar la anatomia de los canales radiculares, se posiciono en el canal MB1 una lima Headstrom no 0,8 o 10 y en el canal MB2 una lima k-flex no 0,8 o 10. Los especimenes fueron sometidos a una radiografia periapical, en sentido mesiodistal y vestibulo-palatino. Resultados: El 30,38% de los dientes presento un sistema de canales tipo I, 41,07% correspondio al tipo II, un 28,57% al tipo III y un 0% al tipo IV. La frecuencia del canal mesiovestibular secundario fue de un 69,64%. Discusion: El clinico debe tener la conviccion de realizar la exploracion en busqueda del canal MB2, logrando un adecuado acceso endodontico que permita una visualizacion correcta, utilizar herramientas como el microscopio, ultrasonido o TCHC para su deteccion y estudio morfologico. EnglishIntroduction: Permanent maxillary first molar is the tooth that presents the most complex morphological variation, which is reflected in a higher rate of clinical failure. One of the main causes of endodontic treatment failure is the inability to locate the secondary mesiobuccal canal and the ignorance of their morphology. The aim of this study was to determine, in vitro, the configuration of MB2 canal present in the mesiobuccal root of the first maxillary molar, through periapical radiographs. Methods: Sixty-two maxillary first molars were selected. After this, we proceeded to take initial periapical radiographs of each tooth in mesio-distal and bucco-palatal faces. The molars were approached until pulp chamber and canals were permeabilized. In order to demonstrate the anatomy of root canals, a Hedstrom file no 0,8 or 10 was positioned over the MB1 canal and a K- flex file no 0,8 or 10 over the MB2 canal. Specimens were subjected to a periapical radiograph as a final control in the same mesio-distal and bucco-palatal faces. Results: 30,38% of teeth had type I canal system, 41,07% were type II, 28,57% had type III and 0% type IV. The frecuency of the second mesiobuccal canal was 69,64%. Discussion: The clinician must be satisfied to perform exploration in search of MB2 canal, making an adequate endodontic access to allow a correct display, to use tools like microscope, ultrasound or TCHC for its detection and morphological study.

Configuración anatómica del sistema canalicular de la raíz mesiovestibular del primer molar maxilar