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Objective: To identify the ergonomic factors and the presence of muscular pain in dental students of VIII, IX,  X semesters presently practicing at the clinics of the College of Dentistry of university of Cartagena, Colombia,  South America.  Materials and methods: This is a descriptive study carried out in dental students of the VIII, IX, and X semesters  which were undergoing clinical practice at the College of Dentistry of University of Cartagena. A convenience  sample of 83 students who met the inclusion criteria was taken and those who agreed to participate signed an informed  consent. Data collection was obtained by means of a structured questionnaire for ergonomic factors and  the presence of pain was identified palpating the muscles object of the study by a physical therapist. The variables  evaluated were: presence of pain, affected muscles, affected zones, gender, postures and work environment.  Results: The adoption of inadequate postures such as exaggerated flexions or cervical torsions could generate a  higher frequency of muscular pain in dental students. The approximating muscle of the thumb showed 11% frequency  of pain. The presence of muscular pain was higher for the female group participating in this study.  Conclusions: Dentists are prone, since the beginning of their clinical practice as students, to lesions of the skeletal  muscle system due to the clinical exercise of the profession, being the most common, muscle pain in the back,  neck, shoulders and hands. This would imply initiating an occupational health program promoting healthy lifestyles  in their academic environment and their future professional life, at the beginning of their clinical practice  in dental school

Ergonomic factors that cause the presence of pain muscle in students of dentistry