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After de-regulation of the former state-owned railways and severe restructuring of the railway industry  in the last 15 years, more innovative vehicle concepts saw the light of the day. Power electronics,  already formerly being a pacemaker for progress of traction vehicles, brought forth an utmost standardization  of the main drive by means of the IGBT-converter-fed induction motor drive. This is independent of the railway  supply voltage system or of a diesel prime mover, for locomotives, high-speed and mass-transit trains as well as for tramways.  Vehicles able to operate on all four European railway voltage systems have become feasible and are used now widely.  New trends as Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors or Medium-Frequency Transformers are discussed,  and a short overlook over actual field-oriented high-performance motor control systems - including a speed-sensorless variant - is given.  Power electronics dominates the field of conversion of the 16.7-Hz railway supply power, typical for Central Europe, from the 50-Hz three-phase utility grid

Power-Electronics Issues of Modern Electric Railway Systems