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Twelve chemical ingredients commonly used to formulate detergents were tested to determine their interferences with measurement of calcium in milk by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. For concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0% milk, the mean amounts of calcium measured for all ingredients were 0.20, 1.85, and 15.89 mg/1, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that milk accounted for 97.3% of the variation in spectrophotometric response with temperature and concentration of ingredient being of little practical importance. However, increasing the temperature caused the instrument to indicate increased amounts of calcium in solutions containing sodium metasilicate (anhydrous), EDTA plus sodium hydroxide, sodium gluconate, and phosphoric acid. Changing the concentration of ingredient did not interfere substantially with the amount of calcium measured except for sodium metasilicate (anhydrous) where an increase in concentration reduced the amount of calcium measured. From the data it can be concluded that an atomic absorption spectrophotometer shows considerable promise for use in monitoring removal of residue from a milk contact surface.

MEASUREMENT OF CALCIUM OF MILK BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY IN THE PRESENCE OF MAJOR INGREDIENTS OF DETERGENTS1,2