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Purpose: To study the anti-inflammatory influence of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in mice with acute pancreatitis (AP), and to determine the underlying mechanism.Methods: A total of 75 healthy ICR male mice were randomly divided into control, mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), MAP+DEX, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and SAP+DEX groups, with 15 mice/group. Blood levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) and norepinephrine were assayed ineach group. Western blotting was used to assay the protein expressions of NLRP3 and norepinephrine transporter (NET) in the pancreatic tissue of each group.Results: The levels of inflammatory factors in the MAP+DEX group were markedly lower than those in the MAP group after 10 h of MAP induction (p < 0.01). Mice in MAP+DEX group had significantly lower expression of NLRP3 in pancreatic tissue, and significantly higher NET protein level, relative to the MAP mice. Following 10 h of SAP, concentrations of the inflammatory factors and the pancreatic expression of NLRP3 were lower in SAP+DEX-treated mice than in SAP mice, while NET protein was significantly higher in SAP mice (p < 0.01).Conclusion: DEX reduces the expressions of inflammation-related factors TNF-α and IL-1β, and inhibits inflammatory response in mice with AP via downregulation of NET protein expression via inhibition of NLRP3 and early sympathetic events. Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, NLRP3 inflammasome, Sympathetic nerve, Acute pancreatitis, Inflammatory response

Dexmedetomidine reduces inflammation in mice with acute pancreatitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and sympathetic nerve activity