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Purpose: To investigate the fate of ciprofloxacin, after concomitant administration with the aqueous leaf extract of Carica papaya , which herbal practitioners in Nigeria have found helpful in the treatment of painful crisis in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients. Method: Thirteen rabbits were fasted for 12 h and given by oral route 20 mg/kg ciprofloxacin (control group); after a 3-week crossover period, the animals were given 500 mg/kg aqueous extract of Carica papaya followed by 20 mg/kg ciprofloxacin (treatment group). Blood samples were collected over a period of 0 - 24 h post-dosing, and pharmacokinetic profile of ciprofloxacin in plasma sample determined using a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results: Time to attain maximum plasma ciprofloxacin concentration (T max ), lag time and clearance (CL/F) were higher in the treated group; all other pharmacokinetic parameters showed significant decrease in the treated group (p < 0.005) compared to the control group. The slow rate of elimination of ciprofloxacin in the control group (0.32 ± 0.11 h -1 ) compared to the treated group (0.21 ± 0.07 h -1 ) was not due to kidney impairment as plasma creatinine level indicated that kidney function was within normal range (0.68 ± 2.78 mg/dl). Conclusion: The results of the study show that there is interaction between ciprofloxacin and Carica papaya . This interaction can be avoided by taking ciprofloxacin at least 3 h prior to administration of the leaf extract of C. papaya. Keywords: Carica papaya , Ciprofloxacin, Sickle cell anaemia, Herb-drug interaction, Pharmacokinetics

Effect of <i>Carica papaya</i> (Linn) aqueous leaf extract on pharmacokinetic profile of ciprofloxacin in rabbits