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Purpose: To develop a simple vanadometric spectrophotometric method for the assay of timolol. Methods: The oxidation reactions were performed at optimum conditions of 3 mL 20 % v/v H2SO4, 6.5 % w/v ammonium metavanadate, 40 - 60 oC and 5 min for full colour (blue) development. The proposed method was validated in accordance with International Council on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines Q2 (R1) and applied to assay commercial timolol. Results: Oxidation of timolol occurred at 504 nm wavelength. The developed method recovered 99.25 102.00 % of timolol in pre-analyzed formulations and 99.85 - 102.00 % of the manufacturers’ claim in commercial samples with RSD < 2 %. Linearity of 2 - 20 ppm (R 2 = 0.9995),as well as accuracy, 98 101 %; precision, 0.98 % (intraday) and 1.25 % (interday); robustness, 0.95 %; LOD, 0.256 ppm; LOQ, 0.425 ppm; and robustness, 0.95 - 1.10 %, were obtained. Conclusion: The developed method is simple, sensitive, low-cost, accurate, reproducible, robust and rugged, and compares well with some complex methods for assay of timolol maleate in pure and dosage forms.

Development of Vanadometric System for Spectrophotometric Determination of Timolol in Pure and Dosage Forms