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Survival response of Sarotheron melanotheron fingerlings to various concentration levels of perfkthion was studied under laboratory condition using five concentration levels, 0.0mg/l, 0.7mg/l, 1.4mg/l, 2.8mg/l, 5.5mg/l and 11.2mg/l. Mortality increased with increase in concentration level and exposure time. Ten percent mortality was observed in the control (0mg/l), 3% mortality was recorded after 12 hours and 7% at the end of 36 hours. At the lowest concentration of 0.7mg/l, 27% mortality occurred after 12 hours and 30% mortality occurred after 24 hours. At the 48th hour, the rate increased to 37%, 47% after 72 hours and afterwards no further death was observed till the end of the experiment. At 1.4mg/l, 20% mortality occurred after 12 hours, this increased to 37% after 24 hours, 43% after 36 hours, 53% after 60 hours, 63% after 72 hours, 73% after 84 and 77% after 96 hours. Mortalities occurred in concentration level 2.8mg/l at the rate of 7% after 12 hours, 13% after 24 hours, 20% after 36 hours and 7% mortality after 48 hours. This increased to 43% after 60 hours and remained at 47% mortality from the 72nd hour till the end of experiment. At concentration level 5.6mg/l, mortality was 43% within 12 hours, this increased to 47% after 24 hours and 50% at the end of the 36th hour. No further mortality occurred till the 60th hour when 60% was observed. This continued to 63% after 84 hours and 67% at the end of the toxicity test. At concentration level 11.2mg/l, mortality was 43% at the 12th hour. It increased to 70% at the 48th hour and 97% at the 96 hour. There was significant effect of perfekthion on S. melanotheron fingerlings. There was delayed mortality at concentration 2.8mg/l. LC50 was not reached within 12 hours. As exposure time increased, LC50 reduced. The median Lethal Time (LT50) values for concentration levels, 1.4mg/l, 2.8mg/l, 5.6mg/l and 11.2mg/l was 57.85 hours, 91.52 hours, 48.35 hours and 27.61 hours respectively. LT50 increased with decrease in concentration level with the least value (27.61) at the highest concentration of 11.2 mg/l as compared to 57.85 hours at 1.4mg/l. The safe concentration of perfekthion organophosphate insecticide was 0.119mg/l. There were strong positive correlations between concentrations(r = 0.9982 – r = 0.9999). The correlation of pH with total alkalinity was r = 0.9379, total hardness with salinity (r = 0.6705). Weak positive correlations occurred for pH and temperature (r = 0.3516), temperature and TA (r = 0.2572) and; temperature and TH (r = 0.0419). Negative correlations occurred for pH and DO (r =– 0.0604), pH and TH (r = -0.7524), pH and salinity (r = -0.6369) and Do with salinity (r = - 0.1759). Strong positive correlation existed between mortality and TH (r =0.7795) and between mortality and salinity (r = 0.8062). Negative correlation existed between mortality and pH, TA (r =- 0.7681, r = -0.7977) and in mortality with DO and temperature (r = -0.4479 and r = -0.2288).

journal of applied science and environmental management

Survival response of&lt;i&gt; Sarotheron melanotheron&lt;/i&gt; (Ruppel, 1852) fingerlings to various concentration levels of perfkthion under laboratory condition