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Objectifs: Afin d’evaluer la composition specifique des glossines dans les biotopes savanicoles et forestiers, une etude entomologique a ete realisee sur ces insectes dans la region de Ndende (province de la Ngounie), ancien foyer de la Trypanosomose Humaine Africaine (THA) pour identifier les sites potentiels de transmission de cette parasitose.Methodologie et resultats: Un total de 14 pieges vavoua a ete utilise dont 7 pieges places le long des cours d’eau presents dans la galerie forestiere et 7 autres en savane proche des villages, du 23 octobre au 7 novembre 2015. Au total, 697 glossines ont ete capturees (DAP=3,32 glossines/piege/jour). La plus forte abondance des glossines a ete obtenue en foret avec 678 specimens. Cependant, ces glossines ont ete faiblement capturees en savane (19 specimens). Ces glossines se repartissent en quatre especes dont Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, Glossina frezili, Glossina nashi et Glossina palpalis palpalis. G. fuscipes fuscipes (95%) a ete l’espece la plus abondante alors que G. frezili (1%), G. nashi (2%) et G. palpalis palpalis (2%) ont ete tres faiblement capturees.Conclusion et application: Cette etude a permis d’identifier dans la region de Ndende, quatre especes de glossines qui vivent en sympatrie. Par ailleurs, la forte abondance de G. fuscipes fuscipes et la presence de G. palpalis palpalis, vecteurs de la THA dans les differents biotopes prospectes, avec une forte predominance enforet, suggerent une existence probable d’un risque de transmission des trypanosomes dans la region de Ndende. Par consequent, le biotope forestier serait une zone prioritaire pour une lutte antivectorielle afin de limiter les risques de transmission de cette parasitose. Aussi, ces resultats invitent a la realisation des travaux plus detailles visant a identifier la dynamique spatio-temporelle des glossines et leur role dans la transmission eventuelle de la THA dans la region de Ndende au sud du Gabon.Mots-cles: Trypanosomose humaine africaine, glossine, composition specifique, savane, foret, GabonEnglish AbstractObjectives: In order to assess the species composition of tsetse flies among savannah and forested biotopes, an entomological survey was conducted on these insects in the Ndende region (province of Ngounie), ancient focus of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) for identifying the potential sites of the HAT transmission.Methodology and results: A total of 14 Vavoua traps was used with 7 traps installed along the rivers present in the forest gallery and 7 others in the savannah near the villages. The study was done from 23rd October to 7th November 2015. In total, 697 tsetse flies were captured (ADT=3.32 tsetse flies/trap/day). The highest abundance of tsetse flies was found in the forest with 678 specimens, while the lowest abundance was observed in the savannah with 19 specimens. The identified tsetse flies are G. fuscipes fuscipes, G. nashi, G. frezili and G. palpalis palpalis. G. fuscipes fuscipes (95%) was the most abundant species. Conversely, G. frezili (1%), G. nashi (2%) and G. palpalis palpalis (2%) were less in number.Conclusion and application: The results of this study showed the presence of four tsetse flies species, biological vectors of HAT, in the Ndende region. The high abundance of G. fuscipes fuscipes and the presence of G. palpalis palpalis, vectors of HAT, in different savannah and forested biotopes, with strong predominance inforest, suggest a probable risk of transmission of trypanosomes in the Ndende region. Thus, the forested biotope would be the priority areas for implementing a vector control in order to limit the risks of HAT transmission. Therefore, these results require studies aiming at identifying spatial and temporal dynamics of tsetse flies and their role in the eventual transmission of HAT in the Ndende region, southern of Gabon.Keywords: Human African trypanosomiasis, tsetse fly, species composition, savannah, forest, Gabon

Évaluation de la composition spécifique des glossines, vectrices de la Trypanosomose Humaine Africaine, dans la région de Ndendé au sud du Gabon