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Physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis of groundwater samples from 19 shallow hand-dug wells (approximately 10m deep) which constitutes a major source of water for domestic purposes was carried out to assess the quality in view of the proximity of the wells to open solid waste disposal sites and some uncased pit latrines. Results shows that the water is weakly acidic to alkaline (pH=5.7-7.3); moderately hard (Total Hardness = 60-140 ) and low in total dissolved solids (TDS = 220-600 mg/L). Heavy metals occur in trace amounts (Fe 0.01- 0.06 mg/L, Zn = 0.01-0.06 mg/L, Cu = 0.001-0.010 , Pb = 0.001-0.030 mg/L and Cd <0.01 mg/L). The plot of chemical analysis results on a Piper trilinear diagram shows that the water belongs to the bicarbonates facies. The sodium absorption ratio, SAR, is low (less than 10) implying that sodium hazard for irrigation is low. Correlation coefficients of the chemical constituents indicate common sources of most parameters. The work indicates that the groundwater is suitable for most domestic uses, irrigation, and most industrial purposes, but has the problem of bacteriological contamination. The high value of coliform count with a mean of 17 per 100 mg, shallow water table, unconfined aquifer and non-cased hand-dug wells will increase the risk of water borne diseases in future. ABSTRACT 123

ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE ON QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER IN HAND-DUG WELLS IN PARTS OF MAKURDI METROPOLIS, NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA