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Les lagunes servent de tanieres pour un grand nombre d’especes aquatiques et constituent de ce fait des richesses a entretenir. Malheureusement, la lagune cotiere du Benin fait face a un desequilibre ecologique qui se manifeste par une croissance excessive des vegetaux aquatiques. En vue de caracteriser l’etat trophique de la lagune, une campagne d’echantillonnage a ete effectuee en periode de hautes eaux sur onze points representatifs. La methodologie de dosage au spectrophotometre a ete adoptee pour mettre en evidence les parametres de diagnostic de pollution. Les analyses signalent de fortes concentrations en phosphore (28,75 mg/L) et en nitrites (10 mg/L) dans les eaux de la lagune. La lagune se trouve alors dans un etat d’hyper-eutrophisation selon la grille de qualite etablie par Ifremer. Le non-respect des mesures de protection des plans d’eau et la mauvaise gestion des dechets menagers et des eaux usees entrainent la proliferation des nutriments responsables de l’eutrophisation de la lagune cotiere. Vu l’ampleur de la pollution mise en relief par cette etude, l’institution d’un programme de surveillance s’avere indispensable afin de veiller au maintien de la qualite ecologique des ecosystemes aquatiques en Republique du Benin.Mots cles : Lagune cotiere, eutrophisation, nutriments, pollution. English Title: Assessment of the trophic state of the waters of the coastal lagoon complex of Southwest Benin during high water periods (from Togbin to Mono Mouth)The lagoons serve as places of residence for several aquatic species and therefore constitute riches to be properly maintained. Unfortunately, the coastal lagoon of Benin faces an ecological imbalance visibly manifested by an excessive growth of aquatic plants. In order to characterize the trophic state of the lagoon, a sampling campaign was carried out during high water periods according to eleven representative points. The spectrophotometer assay methodology was adopted to highlight the pollution diagnostic parameters. Analyzes report high concentrations of phosphorus (28.75 mg/L) and nitrites (10 mg/L) in lagoon waters. The lagoon is then in an enlarged state according to the quality grid established by Ifremer. Failure to comply with measures to protect water bodies and poor management of household waste and wastewater lead to the proliferation of nutrients responsible for eutrophication within the coastal lagoon. Given the magnitude of the pollution highlighted by this study, the implementation of a monitoring program is essential in order to ensure the maintenance of the ecological quality of aquatic ecosystems in the Republic of Benin.Keywords: Coastal lagoon, eutrophication, nutrients, pollution.

Evaluation de l’état trophique des eaux du complexe lagunaire côtier du Sud-Ouest Bénin en période de hautes eaux (de Togbin à l’Embouchure Mono)