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La mise en valeur des terres humides entraine une amelioration de la production agricole, mais est parfois la cause des problemes de sante chez certains exploitants. L’etude faite sur les bas-fonds de la commune de Zagnanado precisement ceux de Dovi-Zounnou, de klobo-gbadji, de Bame et de Zonmon porte sur la caracterisation socio-sanitaire des menages agricoles dans le cadre d’une exploitation durable des zones humides. Les conditions naturelles qui determinent ces ecosystemes font de ces derniers, des sites qui font face aux situations sanitaires difficiles et contraignantes du fait de certaines affections (paludisme, gastro-enterite, cholera, l’ulcere de Buruli, la dracunculose, etc.…) liees a l’environnement. Il resulte de ces affections, des pertes de jours d’activites dont les consequences au plan economique sont importantes. Dans la presente etude, des entretiens de groupe semi-structures ont ete tenus dans (04) villages exploitant les bas-fonds sur 10 que compte la Commune. De plus, un echantillonnage raisonne de 304 menages agricoles soit 62% a ete constitue et prenant en compte les menages exclusifs des bas-fonds, les menages mixtes et les menages exclusifs des plateaux. L’estimation de la perte financiere a ete realisee en fonction du nombre de jours de travail perdu, des couts de traitement et les depenses en main d’oeuvre. Les resultats ont montre que, i) l’exploitation agricole des bas-fonds a ameliore la production maraichere (piment) et le revenu agricole des exploitants comparativement aux menages exploitant exclusivement les plateaux ; ii) la prevalence du paludisme, des gastro-enterites, du cholera, de l’ulcere de Buruli et de la dracunculose est plus elevee dans les menages exploitant les bas-fonds (15,75%) comparativement aux menages exploitant exclusivement les plateaux (10,75%). De plus, ces maladies entrainent des pertes financieres liees aux pertes de jours d’activite considerables pour les menages exploitant exclusivement les bas-fonds qui peuvent s’evaluer a plus de 180 000 FCFA par hectare pour la campagne. Tout ceci montre que l’exploitation des zones inondables constitue une strategie de lutte contre la pauvrete mais elle a un effet sur la sante des populations.Mots cles : Bas-fonds, menages agricoles, ecosysteme, maladies hydriques, Zagnanado.   English Title: Socio-economic and health impacts of the sustainable development of inlands valleys in Zagnanado municipality (department of Zou, Benin)Wetland development leads to improved agricultural production, but is sometimes the cause of health problems for some farmers. The study of the low lands areas of the municipality of Zagnanado, specifically those of Dovi-Zounnou, klobo-gbadji, Bame and Zonmon, focuses on the socio-health characterization of agricultural households in the context of sustainable exploitation of wetlands. The natural conditions that determine these ecosystems make them sites that face difficult and restrictive health situations due to certain conditions (malaria, gastroenteritis, cholera, Buruli ulcer, dracunculosis, etc.) related to the environment. As a result of these conditions, the loss of activity days, the economic consequences of which are significant. In this study, semi-structured group interviews were held in 4 villages of 10 exploiting the valley areas in the Commune. In addition, a reasoned sample of 304 agricultural households, or 62%, was compiled, taking into account exclusive low lands households, mixed households and exclusive up lands households. The estimation of the financial loss was based on the number of working days lost, processing costs and labour costs. The results showed that, (i) low lands farming improved vegetable production (pepper) and farmers' farm income compared to households exclusively operating on up lands; (ii) the prevalence of malaria, gastro-enteritis, cholera, Buruli ulcer and dracunculosis is higher in low lands households (15.75%) compared to households operating exclusively on the up lands area (10.75%). In addition, these diseases result in financial losses related to the loss of significant working days for households operating exclusively in the low lands, which can amount to more than 180,000 CFA francs per campaign. In conclusion, the exploitation of flood zones is a strategy to fight poverty but it has an effect on the health of populations.Keywords: Valleys, agricultural households, ecosystems, water diseases, Zagnanado.

Incidences socio-économiques et sanitaires de la mise en valeur durable des bas-fonds de la commune de Zagnanado (département du Zou, Bénin)