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L’article traite de la dynamique spatio-temporelle des unites d’occupation du sol de la Reserve Totale de Faune de Tamou (RTFT), zone peripherique du Parc national W Niger, entre 1975 et 2013. L’objectif de cette etude est d’evaluer les mutations spatio-temporelles que connait la RTFT a la suite des variations climatiques et des pratiques diverses observees en matiere de l’exploitation des ressources. La methode de numerisation visuelle qui consiste a delimiter les differentes unites homogenes a ete appliquee. Les donnees utilisees sont trois (3) images satellitaires dont Landsat MSS de 1975, Landsat ETM de 1989 et Landsat ETM d’octobre 2013. Entre 1975 et 2013, la superficie des differentes unites d’occupation des terres a subi des mutations substantielles qui se traduisent par une regression des aires des formations forestieres, une augmentation de celles des cultures pluviales et l’apparition de deux nouvelles unites qui sont les koris et les sols nus. Ces changements ont ete faibles entre 1975 et 1989, mais plus marques entre 1989 et 2013 avec l’apparition des nouvelles unites de sols nus et de koris en 2013, quasi inexistants entre 1975 et 1989. Ces deux dernieres unites sont des indicateurs de forte degradation du couvert forestier. Ainsi, les formations forestieres qui occupaient 92,78% de la surface de la RTFT en 1975, sont passees de 87,62% en 1989 a 68,54% de l’espace en 2013. Quant aux cultures pluviales qui occupaient 5,88% de la surface en 1975, elles sont passees de 11,04% en 1989 a 28,25% en 2013. La demographie galopante, l’agriculture, le surpâturage et les variations climatiques sont les principales causes de ces mutations. © 2018 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: Occupation du sol, variabilite climatique, Parc National W du Niger, Reserve Total de Faune de Tamou, Dynamique, matrice de transition English Title: Spatio-temporal dynamics of land use in the Total Tamou Fauna Reserve in a context of climatic variability (Western Niger) English Abstract This work deals with environmental units trough spatiotemporal process from 1975 to 2013 of the total fauna reserve of Tamou TFRT, which is located across the Nigerien National Park border. Evaluate the spatiotemporal transformation recorded by TFRT following divers practices in terms of resources exploitation. Here we apply the digitalized visual methodology to delimitate the different homogeneous units. Therefore, we use three satellites images as database: the 1975 MSS Landsat, the 1989 ETM Landsat and October 2013 ETM Landsat. From 1975 to 2013 various occupational units areas were damaged. To 92.78% in 1989, the estimated forest area is reduced to 87.62% in 1989. So 43.04% of this area remained completely damaged. Besides that, 5.88% of the estimated pluvial culture increased to 11.04 % in 1989. In the interval between 1989 and 2013, we observed that the forested area have significantly receded to 68.54% in which 35.75% were deteriorated. On the other hand, the rainfed crops expanded and occupied 23.66% of the territory. Bare earth and koris nonexistent in 1975 and 1989, appeared and occupied respectively 0.60% and 2.89% in 2013. Population’s growth, agriculture, pasturage, bush fires, and climatic variations are the main causes of these transformations. © 2018 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Land cover, climate variability, Nigerien W Park, TFRT, Dynamic, Transition matrix

international journal of biological and chemical sciences

Dynamique spatio-temporelle d’occupation du sol dans la Réserve Totale de Faune de Tamou dans un contexte de la variabilité climatique (Ouest du Niger)