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Situee dans la partie Sud-Ouest du Niger, la zone d’etude appartient a la region de socle precambrien du Liptako. Dans cette zone, la faible couverture en eau est accentuee par le probleme de la qualite car certains forages enregistrent une teneur importante en nitrates. L’objectif de cette etude est d’ameliorer les connaissances sur la qualite des eaux de socle, et determiner les sources et les facteurs qui controlent leur mineralisation. Ce travail a ete realise a partir des resultats d’analyses physico-chimiques de cinquante echantillons d'eau preleves au niveau des puits peu profonds et des forages. Dans cette etude, une methodologie combinant les approches hydrochimiques classiques et l’analyse en composante principale est utilisee. L’etude du chimisme des eaux souterraines revele trois types des facies dont le plus dominant est le type bicarbonate calco-magnesien (70%). Environ 40% d’ouvrages ont des teneurs en nitrates comprises entre 50 et 690 mg/l (normes OMS 50 mg/l). L’origine de la mineralisation des eaux des aquiferes de socle est due a l’hydrolyse des mineraux silicates, mais aussi aux apports superficiels. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: aquiferes fissures, qualite des eaux, contamination, hydrogeochimie, Niger English Title: Hydrogeochemical behavior and contamination of waters cracked aquifer of the precambrian basement in semi-arid areas (southwestern Niger) English Abstract Located in the southwest part of the Niger, the study area belongs to the precambrian basement of Liptako. In this area, the low water coverage is accentuated by the problem of water quality as in some  boreholes it is recorded a high content of nitrates. The objective of this study is to improve the knowledge basis on the water quality and to determine the sources and factors that control their mineralization. In this study, a methodology combining classical hydrochemical approaches and principal component analysis is used. The groundwater chemistry of reveals three types of facies. The most dominant is the type calc-magnesium bicarbonate with about 70%. Approximately, 40% of boreholes have a nitrate content ranging between 50 and 690 mg/l while the WHO standards is of 50 mg/l. The mineralization origin of the bedrock aquifers of water is due to hydrolysis of the silicate minerals, but also to superficial contributions. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: fissured aquifers, water quality, contamination, Hydrogeochemistry, Niger

Comportement hydrogéochimique et contamination des eaux des aquifères fissurés du socle précambrien en milieu semi-aride (Sud-Ouest du Niger)