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Background: Fertility decisions and factors related to fertility decisions in remotely situated communities of Ethiopia are not known. Objective: This study is aimed at describing the socio-cultural factors affecting decisions related to fertility in the Suri ethnic group. Methods: The study applied the qualitative research method. In-depth interviews and observations were used as data collection methods. Analysis was done manually in the field and using computer software. Results: The Suri have an old tradition of practicing child spacing. The reasons for child spacing are related to child welfare, maternal well-being, and the violent way of life in Suri society. Methods of child spacing practiced include the rhythm method, post-partum abstinence, and prolonged breastfeeding. Traditional sexual norms support child spacing practices in Suri community. These traditional fertility norms are likely to be eroded with changes in lifestyle. Conclusion: Trends in fertility need to be monitored regularly and appropriate measures should be taken to introduce and promote family planning and child health services to ensure a healthier life for isolated communities during their integration into the general public. [Ethiop.J.Health Dev. 2004;18(3):171-174]

Socio-cultural factors in decisions related to fertility in remotely located communities: The case of the Suri ethnic group