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Bacillus cereus is a pathogen associated with diarrheal and emetic food borne illness. However, in Africa, the prevalence of food borne infections attributable to this bacterium is difficult to establish accurately. Given the involvement of farinaceous foods in the majority of emetic outbreak and the dietary habits in Ivory Coast, implying an increase in the consumption of traditionally produced flours, the prevalence of Bacillus cereus and emetic strains associated to local flours produced in Abidjan were assessed. In this purpose, 100 samples of millet, maize and cassava flours were collected from five different Abidjan municipalities. Microbiological analysis were carried out in accordance with the standard EN ISO 7932 : 2004 and the European regulation EC 2073/2005, to enumerate the Bacillus cereus.. Bacillus cereus strains isolated were screened by polymerase chain reaction, for emetic strains detection. Overall, 31 (31 %) of maize, millet and cassava flours were positive for Bacillus cereus, at levels below 103 CFU/g. Comparing the five municipalities, the concentration of Bacillus cereus was not significantly different (P<0,05). Also, no significant  difference was observed, regardless of the types of flour analyzed. Furthermore, no potentially emetic toxin–producing strains were detected in this work. Keyword : Bacillus cereus, flour, pathogen, emetic strain. French Title: Prevalence de la detection de Bacillus cereus et de souches emetiques dans les farines locales de Cote d'Ivoire Bacillus cereus est un pathogene alimentaire responsable de toxi-infection diarrheique et emetique. Le syndrome emetique est generalement associe aux aliments farineux. Compte tenu de l’implication des aliments farineux dans les toxi-infections emetiques et de la grande consommation de farines localement produites en Cote d’Ivoire, la prevalence de B. cereus a ete evaluee dans cette denree. 100 echantillons de farines de mil, de mais et de manioc ont ete collectes dans cinq communes d’Abidjan. Des  analyses microbiologiques ont ete effectuees conformement a la norme EN ISO 7932: 2004 et a la reglementation europeenne CE 2073/2005, afin de denombrer les Bacillus Cereus et identifier les souches emetiques. Cet pathogene etait present dans 31 (31 % ) des farines de mais, de mil et de manioc, a des concentrations inferieures a 103 UFC /g. Cette concentration n’est pas significativement differente (p <0,05), d’une commune a l’autre et aucune difference significative n’a ete observee, quelque soit le type de farine analyse. Par ailleurs, aucune souche emetique n’a ete detectee dans ces farines. Mots cles : Bacillus cereus, farine, pathogene, souche emetique.

Prevalence of Bacillus cereus and emetic strains detection from Ivory Coast local flours