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The effects of additives (Cr, Nb, Dy, and Bi) on microstructure, electrical properties, dielectric characteristics, andaging behavior of ZnO-V2O5-MnO2-Co3O4-La2O3 (ZVMCL) ceramics were systematically investigated. The phaseformed in common for all ZVMCL ceramics modified with various additives consisted of ZnO grain as a main phase,and Zn3(VO4)2 and ZnV2O4 as the secondary phases. The sintered density and average grain size were in the range of5.4-5.54 g/cm3 and 3.7-5.1 μm, respectively. The ZVMCL ceramics modified with Cr exhibited the highest breakdownfield (6,386 V/cm) and the ZVMCL ceramics modified with Nb exhibited the lowest breakdown field (3,517 V/cm). Alladditives enhanced the nonlinear coefficient (α), by a small or large margin, in particular, additives such as Bi and Nbnoticeably increased the nonlinear coefficient, with α=25.5 and α=23, respectively. However, on the whole, all additivesdid not improve the stability against a DC stress, compared with ZVMCL ceramics

transactions on electrical and electronic materials/transactions on electrical and electronic materials

Varistor Properties and Aging Behavior of ZnO-V2O5-MnO2-Co3O4-La2O3Ceramics Modified with Various Additives (Cr, Nb, Dy, Bi)