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– In the 4th millennium cal BC the hinterlands of Ljubljansko barje basin were covered by beech-fir (Abies-Fagus) and mixed oak (Quercus) forests. People of several Eneolithic cultural groups were cutting/burning forests to open the landscape for fields and pastures. This paper focuses on high-resolution palynological analyses of pile-dwelling settlements Maharski prekop, Stare gmajne and Blatna Brezovica to investigate human impact on the vegetation, and to compare past economy and vegetation history in various parts of Ljubljansko barje. The results revealed that there were no major changes of vegetation throughout the 4th millennium cal. BC, neither were there any major differences between vegetation of the selected study sites. Cultural layers from archaeological sites (in larger quantities than off-site cores) contain pollen of plants that were brought to the settlement by people: cereals and other cultivars (Cereal t., Linum), weeds (Centaurea), grazing indicators (Plantago lanceolata, Campanula, Ranunculaceae), ruderal taxa (Chenopodiaceae, Artemisia), (gathered) shrubs (Corylus) and herbs. Traces of anthropogenic impacts from older settlements were detected in sediments below archaeological cultural layers at all study sites. IZVLE∞EK – V 4. tiso≠letju pr. n. ∏t. so na ∏ir∏em obmo≠ju Ljubljanskega barja uspevali prete∫no bukovo-jelovi in hrastovi gozdovi. Ljudje razli≠nih arheolo∏kih kulturnih skupin so te gozdove ob≠asno izsekavali, da so si odprli povr∏ine za potrebe poljedelstva in pa∏e. Raziskava, ki jo predstavljamo v tem ≠lanku, se je usmerila na prou≠evanje palinolo∏kega zapisa na eneolitskih koli∏≠ih Maharski prekop, Stare gmajne in Blatna Brezovica, da bi prou≠ili ≠lovekov vpliv na rastlinstvo in primerjali razvoj vegetacije in nekdanje gospodarstvo na razli≠nih delih Ljubljanskega barja. Rezultati visokoresolucijskih palinolo∏kih raziskav so pokazali, da v 4. tiso≠letju pr. n. ∏t. ni pri∏lo do ve≠jih sprememb vegetacije, prav tako pa nismo zaznali razlik med vegetacijo v okolici posameznih koli∏≠, ki le∫ijo na razli≠nih delih Ljubljanskega barja. Kulturne plasti z arheolo∏kih najdi∏≠ (v ve≠ji meri kot so≠asne plasti v vrtinah izven najdi∏≠) vsebujejo pelod rastlin, ki so jih v naselje prinesli ljudje: ∫ita (Cereal t.) in druge kultivirane rastline (npr. Linum), pleveli (Centaurea), pa∏ni indikatorji (Plantago lanceolata, Campanula, Ranunculaceae), ruderalni taksoni (Chenopodiaceae, Artemisia), nekateri grmi (Corylus) in zeli. Na vseh najdi∏≠ih smo v plasteh pod arheolo∏ko kulturno plastjo odkrili tudi sledove ≠lovekovega vpliva na vegetacijo v ≠asu (domnevnih) starej∏ih naselbin v okolici.

Maharski prekop, Stare gmajne and Blatna Brezovica settlements and the vegetation of Ljubljansko barje (Slovenia) in the 4th millennium cal BC