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According to the holography principle (due to G.`t Hooft, L. Susskind, J. Maldacena, et al.), quantum gravity and string theory on certain manifolds with boundary can be studied in terms of a conformal field theory on the boundary. Only a few mathematically exact results corroborating this exciting program are known. In this paper we interpret from this perspective several constructions which arose initially in the arithmetic geometry of algebraic curves. We show that the relation between hyperbolic geometry and Arakelov geometry at arithmetic infinity involves exactly the same geometric data as the Euclidean AdS_3 holography of black holes. Moreover, in the case of Euclidean AdS_2 holography, we present some results on bulk/boundary correspondence where the boundary is a non-commutative space.

Holography principle and arithmetic of algebraic curves