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During the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake of 1995 we have observed conspicuous concentration of damage in an extended area from Suma in the west end of Kobe to the center of Nishinomiya as a form of the so-called damage belt whose width was very small (•¬1 km) compared to its length (•¬20 km). We need to find what caused this damage pattern in Kobe. In our previous study we attributed it to "the basin -edge effect" , the amplification effect caused by the constructive interference of the direct S-wave with the basin-induced diffracted/surface waves. However, several researchers have recently reported that seismic motions at the bedrock have a narrow-band distribution due to the directivity effect and that the enhancement of this distribution should be taking place through the interaction of the directivity with the basin structure. In this paper we analyzed again a simple two-dimensional basin model subject to various types of three-dimensional incident waves to confirm that the basin-edge effect is present irrespective of the input wave field. After proving it then we analyzed a simpler basin to fully understand the wave interference phenomena around the edge. It is found that the interference is actually happening twice, first with the basin-induced diffracted P-wave and second with the basin-induced diffracted S-wave

Three-dimensional Wave Propagation Analysis of Simple Two-dimensional Basin Structures with Special Reference to “the Basin-Edge Effect”