Open AccessHigh Degree of Plasmodium vivax Diversity in the Peruvian Amazon Demonstrated by Tandem Repeat Polymorphism Analysis
Author(s) -
Margaret Kosek,
Pablo Peñataro Yori,
Robert H. Gilman,
Maritza Calderón,
Mirko Zimic,
Raúl Chuquiyauri,
Cesar Jeri,
Viviana Pinedo-Cancino,
Michael A. Matthias,
Alejandro LlanosCuentas,
Joseph M. Vinetz
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
american journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.015
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1476-1645
pISSN - 0002-9637
DOI - 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0627
Subject(s) - plasmodium vivax , amazon rainforest , biology , virology , tandem repeat , genetic diversity , polymorphism (computer science) , malaria , genetics , genotype , plasmodium falciparum , population , immunology , medicine , ecology , genome , gene , environmental health
Molecular tools to distinguish strains of Plasmodium vivax are important for studying the epidemiology of malaria transmission. Two sets of markers-tandem repeat (TR) polymorphisms and MSP3α-were used to study Plasmodium vivax in patients in the Peruvian Amazon region of Iquitos. Of 110 patients, 90 distinct haplotypes were distinguished using 9 TR markers. An MSP3α polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using HhaI and AluI revealed 8 and 9 profiles, respectively, and 36 profiles when analyzed in combination. Combining TR and PCR-RFLP markers, 101 distinct molecular profiles were distinguished among these 110 patients. Nine TR markers arrayed along a 100 kB stretch of a P. vivax chromosome containing the gene for circumsporozoite protein showed non-linear linkage disequilibrium (I(SA) = 0.03, P = 0.001). These findings demonstrate the potential use of TR markers for molecular epidemiology studies.
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