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The assessment of metal pollution in soils around a metallurgical factory was the aim of the present paper. The main objectives were to identify the origin (geological or anthropogenic) of some metals and the environmental risks they could induce (ground water contamination and human health risk).A suitable sampling strategy was developed and all the tools used in this procedure were chosen according to European guidelines and recommendations. For soil analyses, ISO protocols were mainly adopted. Cartographies of metal contents were used to represent both the horizontal and vertical distribution of metals. The results highlighted an anthropic and historical pollution of top soils around the site. No significant vertical migration was observed for the metals typical of the present industrial activities so that no groundwater contamination is to be feared at the present time. However, groundwater analyses are needed to check the migration of the tracer from the past industrial activities. The sampling strategy developed seemed to be well suited to our context. However, there is no universal sampling procedure and each one must be "purpose-fit", i.e. developed according to clearly defined objectives. L'impact des activités de fonderie sur les sols environnant un site industriel a été évalué dans ce travail. Il s'agissait en priorité d'établir l'état de contamination métallique des sols, pouvant résulter des activités industrielles historiques et actuelles. Notre objectif était ensuite d'identifier l'origine des métaux (géologique ou anthropogène) et les risques environnementaux qu'ils pourraient induire (contamination des eaux souterraines et risque pour la santé humaine). Dans ce contexte, une stratégie d'échantillonnage appropriée a été développée, et le raisonnement suivi est explicite ici. Des cartographies de la pollution métallique ont été réalisées par SIG, et l'étude de la répartition spatiale des métaux a permis de mettre en évidence une pollution anthropique et historique des sols.

Impact des industries métallurgiques sur les sols environnants : importance de la stratégie d’échantillonnage