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Use of the modelling in irrigation management of the El-Salam orange orchard in the Northern Sinai (Egypt) Studies related to soil-water management in the Delta of the Nile (Egypt) were carried out in 2011-2013 by the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement. The El-Salam orange orchard was selected as reference station to study the management of precision irrigation, with the aim of developing a model which would help in managing the irrigation of other crop covers in the Delta of the Nile. The modelling of the real evapotranspiration was performed at a one-day step resolution, using the Penman-Monteith approach (with daily data input standard data from the national network of weather stations) taking the crop cover specificity into account (cover resistance). The amounts of irrigation applied to the orange orchard (I=994.30 mm year; 2.72 mm.day; crop coefficient Ea/Ep=0.78) were compared to the requirements of water estimated by the model (Easimulated) in order to suggest a daily amount of irrigation. It is reasonable to retain the water losses of 94.570 m of water year for the total area of the plantation (80 ha; drainage out of the roots zone), thus 1.182 m of water year ha (12%). These losses of water are to be dealing with hydraulic adjustment of crop production sites and the costs of routing of water.

La modélisation : une aide à la gestion de l’irrigation de précision - cas de l’orangeraie d’El-Salam, Nord Sinaï (Egypte)