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The  myogenic determination 1 (MyoD1) gene is a member of the MyoD gene family. It  encodes for skeletal muscle-specific transcription factors containing highly  conserved basic helix-loop-helix regions that perform important roles in the  initiation, maintenance, and regulation of phenotypic traits. We investigated a  new single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MyoD1 gene to evaluate whether  this polymorphism affects meat quality traits in five Chinese indigenous cattle  breeds, namely Qinchuan (QC), Xia-Nan (XN), Nan-yang (NY), Luxi (LX), and  Jia-xian red (JXR). A C→G transversion at position 624 was detected in exon 1  of the MyoD1 gene; it causes an amino acid substitution ((624)serine/(624)cysteine).  Least squares analysis showed that this SNP is not significantly associated  with back fat thickness, eye muscle area, intramuscular fat, or marbling. The  A/B allelic frequencies in the five breeds were 0.810/0.189, 0.779/0.220,  0.768/0.231, 0.820/0.180, and 0.801/0.198, respectively. Based on the χ(2) test,  the genotype distributions of four cattle breeds (LX, NY, QC, and XN) did not  agree with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P &lt; 0.05); one breed (JXR) did not  deviate significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P &gt; 0.05). The  genotypic frequencies among all five cattle breeds showed moderate diversity  (0.25 &lt; polymorphism information content &lt; 0.5). We concluded that the  C624G SNP of the MyoD1 gene does not influence meat quality traits in  indigenous Chinese cattle breeds; however, this SNP could be included in breed  composition and population admixture analyses due to the marked differences in  allelic frequencies among these five breeds.

genetics and molecular research

Lack of an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism in the bovine myogenic determination 1 (MyoD1) gene and meat quality traits in indigenous Chinese cattle breeds