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Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) influences carcinogenesis through regulation of angiogenesis, apoptosis, cytokine expression, and immune response suppression. It has been well established that COX-2 is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between COX-2 polymorphisms and prognosis of HCC. We genotyped 200 HCC patients of Chinese Han descent for COX-2 gene polymorphisms (-765G&gt;C and -1195G&gt;A) using PCR-RFLP. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox's proportional hazard regression model. We found that patients with the COX-2 -1195AG and -1195AG + AA genotypes demonstrated significantly decreased disease-free survival (DFS) as compared with those carrying the -1195GG genotype (P &lt; 0.05). However, the COX-2 -765G&gt;C polymorphism was not associated with DFS (P &gt; 0.05). Moreover, by Cox regression analysis, blood alpha fetoprotein ≤400 ng/mL before the operation and the -1195G&gt;A polymorphism were found to be of prognostic significance (P &lt; 0.05), while the -765G&gt;C polymorphism was not (P &gt; 0.05). In summary, post-operation progression of HCC is more likely to occur in patients with the -1195AG genotype and the A allele. On the other hand, the -765G&gt;C polymorphism is not an independent influence factor of HCC prognosis.

Functional polymorphisms of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma - a cohort study in Chinese people